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Protests Erupt, Shots Fired After Honduras Coup
![Supporters of President Manuel Zelaya protest against the coup in Tegucigalpa](https://gdb.rferl.org/154a5f05-8f84-4939-acbd-59c2eb652298_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Hundreds of pro-Zelaya protesters, some masked and wielding sticks, set up barricades of chain link fences and downed billboards in the center of the capital, Tegucigalpa, and blocked roads to the presidential palace.
Reuters witnesses heard shots outside the presidential palace that apparently came after a truck arrived at the protest, and an ambulance also appeared. It was not clear who fired the shots. One witness said shots were fired only in the air and there were no initial reports of injuries.
In neighboring Nicaragua, leftist leaders from the region led by Zelaya's ally Venezuelan Hugo Chavez gathered in the capital Managua for late night talks on the crisis.
Zelaya, in office since 2006, was ousted in a dawn coup after he angered the judiciary, Congress, and the army by seeking constitutional changes that would allow presidents to seek reelection beyond a four-year term.
The Honduran Congress named an interim president, Roberto Micheletti, who announced a curfew for the nights of June 28 and June 29. The country's Supreme Court said it had ordered the army to remove Zelaya.
The coup was strongly condemned by Chavez -- who has long championed the left in Latin America. Chavez put his army on alert on June 28 in case Honduran troops moved against his embassy or envoy there.
U.S. President Barack Obama's administration, the European Union, and a string of other foreign governments also voiced backing for Zelaya, who was snatched by troops from his residence and whisked away by plane to Costa Rica.
The Organization of American States demanded Zelaya's immediate and unconditional return to office.
Honduras, an impoverished coffee, textile, and banana exporter with a population of 7 million, had been politically stable since the end of military rule in the early 1980s.
But Zelaya has moved the country further left since taking power and struck up a close alliance with Chavez, upsetting the army and the traditionally conservative rich elite.
In central Tegucigalpa, groups of men, some holding metal pipes and chains and their faces covered with T-shirts, threw rocks at cars trying to enter the area late on June 28. Remnants of burned tires and a charred newsstand selling papers seen supporting the coup lay smoldering in the street.
Troops in full fatigues with automatic weapons lined the inside of the fenced-off presidential palace, some covering their faces with riot gear shields as protesters taunted them.
"For the country to have peace in the future, there will have to be deaths, injuries. We are willing to fight to the death," said Cristhian Rodriguez, a 24-year-old plumber, who had set up an improvised tent in front of the palace.
Honduras is a big coffee producer but there was no immediate sign the unrest would affect output.
Managua Meeting
Zelaya's bid to hold a poll on June 28 on changing the constitution to let presidents stay beyond one four-year term had set him in opposition to the army, courts and Congress and he tried to fire the armed forces chief, General Romeo Vasquez, last week over the issue. Zelaya was due to leave office in early 2010.
A former businessman who sports a cowboy hat and thick mustache, Zelaya, 56, told Venezuela-based Telesur television station he was "kidnapped" by soldiers and barely given time to change out of his pajamas. He was later bundled onto a military plane to Costa Rica.
Zelaya, now in a smart white shirt, sat down on June 28 with Chavez, Ecuadorean President Rafael Correa, and Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega in Managua. Bolivia's Evo Morales and OAS Secretary General Jose Miguel Insulza were en route.
The global economic crisis has curbed growth in Honduras, which is heavily dependent on remittances from Honduran workers abroad. Recent opinion polls indicate public support for Zelaya has fallen as low as 30 percent.
After Zelaya's ouster, the army guarded Congress as as Honduran deputies unanimously elected Congress head Micheletti, a member of Zelaya's own Liberal Party, as interim president until after a presidential election in November.
Micheletti defied world pressure to reverse the coup, saying: "I don't think anyone here, not Barack Obama and much less Hugo Chavez, has the right to come and threaten [Honduras]."
Foreign Reaction
Chavez said he would do everything necessary to abort the ouster. He said if the Venezuelan ambassador was killed, or troops entered the embassy "we would have to act militarily," adding: "I have put the armed forces of Venezuela on alert."
Chavez has in the past threatened military action in the region but never followed through.
The United States and other foreign governments condemned the coup. Obama called for calm and a senior administration official said Washington recognized only Zelaya as president.
"Any existing tensions and disputes must be resolved peacefully through dialogue free from any outside interference," Obama said in a statement.
The coup could be an early test for Obama as he tries to mend the United States' battered image in Latin America.
"This is a golden opportunity to make a clear break with the past and show that he is unequivocally siding with democracy, even if they [Washington] don't necessarily like the guy," former Costa Rican Vice President Kevin Casas-Zamora told Reuters in Washington.
Honduras was a U.S. ally in the 1980s when Washington helped Central American governments fight Marxist rebels.
Chavez, who is known for his stridently anti-U.S. rhetoric and has in the past accused the United States of backing his own removal, said there should be an investigation to see if Washington had a hand in Zelaya's ouster. The White House denied any participation in the coup.
The United States still has about 550-600 troops stationed at Soto Cano Air Base, a Honduran military installation that is also the headquarters for a regional U.S. joint task force that conducts humanitarian, drug, and disaster relief operations.
Democracy has taken root in Central America in recent decades after years of dictatorships and war, but crime, corruption and poverty are still major problems. Zelaya said the coup smacked of an earlier era.
"If holding a poll provokes a coup, the abduction of the president and expulsion from his country, then what kind of democracy are we living in?" he said in Costa Rica.
The Supreme Court, which last week came out against Zelaya and ordered him to reinstate fired military chief Vasquez, said on June 28 it had told the army to remove the president.
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- By Reuters
Russia Summons Italian Ambassador Over Journalists Reporting From Kursk
![A fire at a residential building following a missile attack in Kursk (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-c0a8-0242-b8df-08dcbdd07e02_cx0_cy4_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Russia's Foreign Ministry said on August 16 that it had summoned Italy's ambassador to Moscow over what it said was "illegal border crossing" by a team of correspondents from Italian state broadcaster RAI who reported this week from Ukrainian-held parts of Russia's Kursk region. The Foreign Ministry said "strong protest was expressed to the ambassador in connection with the actions of the RAI film crew that "illegally entered the territory of the Russian Federation." The Italian Foreign Ministry told Reuters that the ambassador, Cecilia Piccioni, had explained to Russian authorities that RAI and its news teams "plan their activities in a totally independent and autonomous way."
Kosovo Calls Parliamentary Elections For February 2025
![Kosovar President Vjosa Osmani (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/0984b2ae-810e-4ce3-8f91-fb44e3908267_cx0_cy1_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Kosovar President Vjosa Osmani has set February 9, 2025, as the date for regular parliamentary elections in the Balkan country. Osmani signed a decree saying the date was set after consultations with the political parties and the Central Election Commission. Osmani's political adviser, Bekim Kupina, said February 9 was chosen as "the optimal date that balances the preferences of all difficult parties." Kupina quoted the presidency as saying it was important that the election campaign begin after January 7, the end of winter holidays. He also noted that Osmani has invited the EU to send a mission for a preliminary assessment and will turn to the EU again to request election observers.
- By RFE/RL
Heads Of Military Recruitment Centers Detained Near Kyiv
![A banner posted at a recruitment center of Naval Forces of Ukraine (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/53F6D0C7-D0F5-48AF-99CC-5F3CF90A0E25_cx31_cy17_cw69_w250_r1_s.jpg)
The heads of two recruitment centers near Kyiv have been detained on suspicion of accepting bribes in exchange for exempting conscripts, Ukrainian law enforcement officials said on August 16. During searches of offices and apartments in the suburbs of Bucha and Boryspil, bundles of money were discovered and confiscated, the Ukraine's Security Service (SBU) said on Telegram. The heads of the recruitment centers and their alleged accomplices reportedly collected around $1 million for their services. SBU investigators said the heads of the recruiting centers arranged forged medical certificates, which declared young men unfit for service, thereby excluding them from further registration.
Russian President Putin To Visit Azerbaijan For Talks With Aliyev
![Russian President Vladimir Putin (right) speaks with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev. (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-9fa2-08dc638ff7f1_cx0_cy1_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Russian President Vladimir Putin is due to visit Azerbaijan on August 18 for talks with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev on a strategic partnership between the two countries and other international and regional issues. Putin is expected to comment during the two-day visit on peace negotiations between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which have been taking place following years of conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. Notedly, Azerbaijan is not a signatory to the Rome Statute that established the International Criminal Court, meaning Putin is able to travel to the country without fearing arrest under the international warrant issued for him by the court for war crimes in Ukraine. To read the original story on RFE/RL's Azerbaijani Service, click here.
Russia Extends Detention Of Moscow Concert Hall Attack Suspects
![Crocus City Hall in Moscow's northern suburb of Krasnogorsk a week after a deadly attack by gunmen on the concert hall killed more than 140 people and wounded dozens more.](https://gdb.rferl.org/bbe8c317-670e-429b-ad5c-9d8e1df924ae_cx0_cy1_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A Russian court on August 16 extended the custody of four Tajik men suspected of carrying out the deadliest terrorist attack on Russian soil in two decades. More than 140 people were killed when gunmen stormed the Crocus City Hall venue on March 22 before setting the building on fire. The four defendants were brought to court dressed in prison clothes and shackled hand and foot as a judge extended their detention until November 22. The head of the Russian Federal Security Service claimed that the attack was planned and financed by Islamic State-Khorasan, while also alleging Ukrainian involvement. To read the original story on RFE/RL's Russian Service, click here.
Tsikhanouskaya Vows To Continue Fight For Political Prisoners In Belarus After 30 Pardoned
![A prison in Belarus (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0a00-0242-9e28-08db8480c13e_cx0_cy3_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Exiled Belarusian opposition leader Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya said she is pleased that 30 people have been pardoned in Belarus and released from jail but noted that the move barely makes a dent in the number of people imprisoned in the country "in politically motivated cases."
"I am very happy about the release of a number of political prisoners," Tsikhanouskaya said on August 16 on Telegram. "I am glad that families will finally be reunited -- and those who have not seen each other for weeks, months, and years will finally have the opportunity to hug and talk."
But she said the reality is that detentions in Belarus continue and the number of political prisoners is growing.
"More than 1,400 people are still behind bars in politically motivated cases. And there are those who will decide not to agree to the terms, and those who will never be offered them," she said. "Therefore, we will continue to be their voices and do everything in our power to ensure that each of these people is released as soon as possible."
A statement posted on the website of authoritarian leader Alyaksandr Lukashenka's office earlier on August 16 said he signed a decree pardoning 14 women and 16 men who had been convicted of "crimes of a protest nature." Some of those pardoned have serious illnesses or are retirement age, the statement said.
The Vyasna human rights center earlier this week said it had received evidence that political prisoners throughout the country were being forced to write petitions for clemency to Lukashenka.
Vyasna reported last month that representatives of the Prosecutor-General's Office went to colony No. 1 in Novopolotsk every day and force political prisoners to write petitions for clemency.
In addition to her message on Telegram, Tsikhanouskaya posted a statement on her website saying that she talks about political prisoners in Belarus at every international meeting she attends.
"You know that this issue is particularly personal for me. The regime has kept my husband, Syarhey Tsikhanouski, out of public sight for 527 days. Our children ask about their father every day, and all I can do is comfort them with the hope that he will soon come back home," she said.
Tsikhanouskaya, 41, is a former teacher who ran for president in Belarus in 2020 after her husband was barred by the regime from doing so and imprisoned.
While the official results handed Lukashenka victory and his sixth consecutive term in office, the opposition and many Western governments and organizations say the poll was rigged and that Tsikhanouskaya was the actual winner.
She was forced to flee to Lithuania during a brutal crackdown on a wave of pro-democracy protests that erupted after the election.
Romanian Gymnast Barbosu Awarded Olympic Bronze Medal Amid Controversy
![Romanian gymnast Ana Maria Barbosu poses with her Olympic bronze medal in Bucharest on August 16.](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-c0a8-0242-fe04-08dcbdf77d58_cx0_cy8_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Romanian gymnast Ana Maria Barbosu was awarded the bronze medal in the women's floor exercise at the Paris Olympics on August 16 in a ceremony in Bucharest amid controversy over who finished third in the competition.
"This result came after many years of work in the gym," Barbosu said, adding that the situation is "tough" for all the three gymnasts involved in the controversy, which arose after the bronze medal was awarded to U.S. gymnast Jordan Chiles after her coach appealed her score at the end of the competition on August 5.
"It's a tough situation for us, with so many uncertainties and overwhelming emotions. I hope everyone understands that we did nothing wrong at the Olympics. And that the Olympic spirit is more important than any misunderstanding between the authorities," she added.
Octavian Morariu, Romania's representative in the IOC, and Mihai Covaliu, president of the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee, awarded Barbosu in the Bucharest ceremony.
"Today only one thing happened: Justice was done.... Well done, Ana Maria," Morariu said.
On the night of the competition Chiles's score was increased to 13.766 from 13.666 after her coach appealed her marks, and this moved her into third place, knocking Barbosu off the podium and leaving Barbosu in tears.
Days later the Court of Arbitration (CAS) ruled that the inquiry was made past the 1-minute limit allowed under the rules of the International Gymnastics Federation, thus reinstating Chiles's original 13.666 score. The ruling bumped Barbosu back into the bronze position.
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) confirmed on August 11 that Chiles must return the medal, but it is still unknown if Chiles has done so.
The medal that Barbosu received on August 16 is another medal sent by the IOC for the ceremony in Bucharest.
While the IOC said it would respect the CAS ruling, USA Gymnastics said in a statement on August 12 that it would "continue to pursue every possible avenue and appeal process, including to the Swiss Federal Tribunal, to ensure the just scoring, placement, and medal award for Jordan."
Chiles herself has called the CAS panel's decision that she must return the medal "unjust" and has said she would "make every effort to ensure that justice is served."
USA Gymnastics said in a statement quoted by the Washington Post on August 14 that it had time-stamped video proving Landi initiated the inquiry 47 seconds after Chiles's score was posted. USA Gymnastics said the footage was not available to the organization at the time of the hearing, and said that it was given less than 24 hours' notice of the hearing.
USA Gymnastics said it was notified by the CAS on August 12 that its rules do not allow for the award to be reconsidered "even when conclusive new evidence is presented," adding that it was "deeply disappointed by the notification."
Since the CAS ruling, reports have surfaced that the chair of the panel appointed by the court to rule on the decision about the bronze medal originally awarded to Chiles included an official with ties to Romania. The reports cited documents that show Hamid Gharavi, a lawyer, previously represented Romania in international disputes.
Five Wounded, Including Soldiers, In Northwest Pakistan Bomb Blast
![Officers examine a damaged police vehicle after a recent attack (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/88963008-5ee6-4723-9935-3daba877ae7b_cx0_cy4_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Five people, including two soldiers, were wounded on August 16 in an explosion that damaged a police vehicle outside Peshawar, the capital of Pakistan's northwestern province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, local authorities said. According to a police representative, the blast was caused by a remote-controlled bomb, but no one has claimed responsibility for the attack. Six people have been arrested in connection with the incident and an investigation is ongoing. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has seen an increase in deadly attacks that mostly remained unclaimed while some of them were claimed by the Pakistani Taliban, known as Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan. To read the original story by RFE/RL's Radio Mashaal, click here.
FBI Raids Home Of Russian-American Political Analyst Dmitri Simes
![Dimitri Simes poses a question to Russian President Vladimir Putin during the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum in St. Petersburg, Russia, in June 2023.](https://gdb.rferl.org/b50a1b65-5157-4860-b068-42e72beedfb3_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Agents of the FBI have raided and searched the Virginia home of Dmitri Simes, a prominent political commentator and author who hosts a current-affairs program on Russia’s state-run Channel One television, the newspaper Rappahannock News reported on August 16.
The FBI told the paper the search began on August 13 but declined to comment further, RFE/RL's Russian Service reported.
Simes told the paper he is currently out of the country, but was "puzzled and concerned" by the FBI's action. He told the Russian state news agency TASS on August 16 that the reports that FBI agents were at his home were true, although he had not been officially notified.
Simes was born in Moscow in 1947 and emigrated to the United States in 1973. He served as an informal adviser to former U.S. President Richard Nixon and regularly traveled with Nixon to the Soviet Union and other Eastern bloc countries.
In 1994, Nixon named him to head the Center for the National Interest, which at the time was called the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom. Simes retired from the position in 2022.
Simes also advised the 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump and arranged an important 2016 foreign-policy speech in which Trump outlined a vision for greater cooperation with Russia.
Simes's name was mentioned more than 100 times in a 2019 report by U.S. Special Counsel Robert Mueller entitled Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election.
Simes moderated a question-and-answer session with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum in 2023.
Earlier this month, Fox News reported that FBI agents had raided the New York home of Scott Ritter, a former UN weapons inspector in Iraq who has been a frequent contributor to Russian government media including RT and Sputnik. An FBI spokesperson told Fox the search was part of an "ongoing" investigation.
Ritter has supported Russia's 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine and in January he addressed thousands of Chechen soldiers on a central square in the Chechen capital, Grozny.
In June, U.S. authorities seized Ritter's passport and prevented him from travelling to the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum.
With reporting by TASS
Ukrainian Commander Says Troops Continue To Advance In Russia's Kursk Region
![A woman walks past a building damaged by Ukrainian strikes in Kursk on August 16.](https://gdb.rferl.org/68bc6ddb-af24-4d78-ac8b-b66360083351_cx0_cy6_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Ukraine's top military commander, Colonel General Oleksandr Syrskiy, said on August 16 that Kyiv's forces continue to advance in the Kursk region.
"The troops of the offensive group continue to fight, they have advanced in some directions from 1 to 3 kilometers toward the enemy. In general, the situation is under control. All measures are being carried out according to the plan," he said in a briefing with President Volodymyr Zelenskiy over video link.
Live Briefing: Russia's Invasion Of Ukraine
RFE/RL's Live Briefing gives you all of the latest developments on Russia's full-scale invasion, Kyiv's counteroffensive, Western military aid, global reaction, and the plight of civilians. For all of RFE/RL's coverage of the war in Ukraine, click here.
Syrskiy reported fighting in the area of Malaya Loknya, some 11.5 kilometers from Ukrainian border.
The claims could not be independently verified.
Ukrainian forces also destroyed a key bridge in the Kursk region on August 16, pro-Kremlin media outlets report. According to Russian security officials, the destruction of the bridge cut off part of a local district making it more difficult for civilian evacuation out of the region.
Ukrainian troops launched the cross-border incursion on August 6 in an apparent attempt to divert the Russian military forces away from the front line. But Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy warned on August 15 that Pokrovsk and other nearby towns in the Donetsk region of Ukraine were "facing the most intense Russian assaults."
The General Staff of the Ukrainian military, reporting on the situation within Ukraine, said the number of clashes on the front increased to 99 by the end of the day on August 16, and many of them were in the Pokrovsk area.
Military authorities in the city of Pokrovsk urged civilians to speed up their evacuation because Russian troops are "advancing at a fast pace." They said on Telegram that with every passing day "there is less and less time to collect personal belongings and leave for safer regions.”
Ukrainian forces fought battles in other areas, including Kupyansk, Kramatorsk, and Siverskiy, the General Staff said.
In addition to Pokrovsk, the enemy attacked in nine other areas, including in Kharkiv, the General Staff said, noting that some battles there also were ongoing.
Ukraine's human rights commissioner, Dmytro Lubinets, told RFE/RL's Ukrainian Service on August 16 that Kyiv will not create special camps for Russian civilians who want to evacuate amid an ongoing incursion in Russia's Kursk and Belgorod regions.
The Ukrainian government said its advance was meant to establish a "security zone" inside Russia to put an end to incessant strikes by the Russian military from the two regions bordering Ukraine targeting civilian and infrastructure facilities.
Lubinets said that he did not envisage any threats to the security of the civilian population from the Russian region on the territory of Ukraine and that he thinks the number of civilians willing to evacuate to Ukraine will be limited.
"We do not expect that there will be a large number of people willing to come to us, if any. But I am definitely not worried about the fact that it will be dangerous for the civilian population from Kursk region.... We have offered each and every resident of Kursk the option to evacuate from this territory if they wish," Lubinets said.
"Ukraine will open humanitarian corridors. Either to the territory controlled by the Russian Federation, or to the territory of independent Ukraine. It should be the personal choice of any citizen who is currently there from among the civilians. We are definitely not going to violate their rights."
Lubinets has said the Ukrainian military strictly adheres to the obligations stipulated by the Geneva and Hague Conventions.
Interior Minister Ihor Klymenko said Ukraine has set up storage facilities in the Sumy region for humanitarian aid meant for Russian civilians.
He didn't specify how many of the storage facilities had been set up or where they are, but a video on the ministry's Telegram account showed a large inflatable tent and Ukrainian military personnel carrying parcels and packing food.
During a trip to the Sumy region, which borders Russia's Kursk region, Klymenko said about 150 food parcels had been sent to civilians in the area. Citizens "abandoned by Russia" are mostly elderly people, people with disabilities, and families with children, he said, adding that they need food, water, and medicine."
The approach contrasts with the treatment that some Ukrainians who fled their homes said they were subjected to. They reported being forced to undergo "filtration" -- Moscow's alleged campaign to catch and punish perceived enemies or others deemed somehow unreliable from among the war's refugees. There also have been accusations that Ukrainians ensnared in the occupation forces' vetting were killed, "disappeared," or forcibly deported to Siberia and other Russian destinations.
Moscow has denied committing atrocities and routinely blames Ukrainian forces for civilian deaths and other abuses in a war that Russian censorship prohibits from being described as a "war" at all.
On August 15, Russian presidential aide and Security Council head Nikolai Patrushev told the Izvestia newspaper that the Ukrainian incursion into Russia's western Kursk region launched on August 6 was "planned with the help of NATO and Western special services," repeating a claim made by numerous Russian officials in recent days.
Patrushev said assertions by the United States and other Western countries that they were not involved "are not true."
In a reaction to the events in Kursk and Belgorod regions, the supreme commander of NATO forces in Europe, U.S. General Christopher Cavoli, said Russia's reaction to the Ukrainian advance into its territory had so far been sluggish and messy.
"Russia is still trying to pull together a response to Ukraine's incursion. So far, it has only been a rather slow and scattered reaction. This is partly because Russia hasn't established who has the authority. The Ministry of Defense is responsible for military actions inside Ukraine, but not within Russia, right? So, it should be the Ministry of Internal Affairs," Cavoli said at an event at the Council on Foreign Relations on August 15.
- By Current Time
Swiss Sanctions Target Belarusian Rights Abusers
![Exiled Belarusian opposition leader Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/68f9f6aa-962c-4b04-8a69-06812df08540_cx0_cy8_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Switzerland has imposed sanctions on 27 Belarusians believed to have been involved in repression and human rights violations since Belarus's disputed 2020 presidential election. The individuals targeted include senior Interior Ministry figures, prison officials, state-media figures, and judges. Earlier this month, the European Union imposed similar sanctions targeting 28 Belarusians. Following the August 2020 election that gave strongman leader Alyaksandr Lukashenka a sixth presidential term, mass pro-democracy demonstrations broke out across Belarus. The demonstrations were brutally suppressed. In the ensuing years, officials have imprisoned hundreds of demonstration participants, often holding leading activists in near-complete isolation and denying many prisoners adequate medical care. To read the original story by Current Time, click here.
- By Current Time
Ukrainian Given 10 1/2-Year Sentence For Spying In Russian-Occupied Kherson
![Ukrainian defense lawyer Emil Kurbedinov (right) met with Iryna Horobtsova for the first time in court more than two years after she was arrested. (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-d7e4-08dc5ef1f69a_cx38_cy4_cw60_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A court in the Russian-occupied Ukrainian region of Kherson has sentenced Ukrainian citizen Iryna Horobtsova to 10 1/2 years in prison after convicting her of espionage, the Russian Prosecutor-General’s Office said on August 15. Horobtsova, an IT worker who helped Ukrainian civilians leave the Russian-occupied areas of their country, has been in Russian custody for more than two years. Russian prosecutors accused her of gathering "strategically important information" and conveying it to the Ukrainian military. Her lawyer, Emil Kurbedinov, met with her for the first time in court more than two years after she was arrested. To read the original story by Current Time, click here.
- By RFE/RL
Biden Welcomes Russian Oppositionist Kara-Murza To White House
![Vladimir Kara-Murza speaks in Bonn, Germany, on August 2 after his release from Russia.](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-c0a8-0242-3573-08dcb31c791b_w250_r1_s.jpg)
U.S. President Joe Biden met with Russian opposition figure Vladimir Kara-Murza and his family in the White House on August 15. Kara-Murza was released from a Russian prison as part of a large prisoner swap between Moscow and several Western countries on August 1. Biden posted on Facebook that the meeting was held "to celebrate his return to America" after being "unjustly imprisoned in Russia for speaking out against Russia's war in Ukraine." Kara-Murza, who was the target of two poisoning incidents that he blames on the Russian government, was serving a 25-year sentence on a treason conviction.
Kerch Bridge Traffic Halted Overnight As Blasts Reported Over Russian-Occupied Crimea
![The Kerch Bridge (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-dd38-08dc8c5e2bcb_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Russian authorities closed the Kerch Bridge, which links Russia with Ukraine's occupied Crimea region, for more than four hours in the early morning hours after explosions were heard in the area.
A backlog of vehicles numbered about 2,000 waiting to cross the span early on August 16.
The blasts caused slight damage in the city of Kerch and were believed to be the result of a Ukrainian drone attack. The pro-Russian Telegram channel Crimean Wind published single footage purporting to show an explosion and claiming it had caused "a large fire."
Live Briefing: Russia's Invasion Of Ukraine
RFE/RL's Live Briefing gives you all of the latest developments on Russia's full-scale invasion, Kyiv's counteroffensive, Western military aid, global reaction, and the plight of civilians. For all of RFE/RL's coverage of the war in Ukraine, click here.
The 19-kilometer-long Kerch Bridge, with spans for both vehicular and rail traffic, was opened in 2018 and serves as an important supply route for Russian forces occupying parts of southern Ukraine. It was damaged by Ukrainian attacks in October 2022 and July 2023 and has frequently been closed during security incidents.
Russia's Defense Ministry said on August 15 that its air defenses had "repelled" an overnight attack that included 12 U.S.-provided ATACMS missiles and targeted the Kerch Bridge. All the missiles were reportedly "destroyed," the ministry said.
The claim could not be independently verified.
Three drones were reportedly shot down near the port city of Sevastopol, which is home to Russia's Black Sea Fleet.
In all, the ministry said on August 15 it had "neutralized" 5 Ukrainian flying drones and five sea-based drones overnight.
"Mi-8 and Ka-29 helicopters from the Black Sea Fleet's marine air force destroyed five unmanned boats heading toward the Crimean Peninsula," the ministry's statement said.
There were social-media reports of blasts near the Chornomorsk district and the Crimean capital, Simferopol.
There were no reports of serious damage, and the Ukrainian military did not comment on the reports.
Elsewhere, authorities in the Siberian region of Irkutsk said that one crew member of a Tu-22M3 bomber that crashed during a training exercise on August 14 had died. Three others were rescued and have been hospitalized, Irkutsk region Governor Igor Kobzev wrote on Telegram.
The cause of the crash was not reported by Russian authorities.
Ukraine Moves To Ratify ICC Statute
![The International Criminal Court building in The Hague (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/4fca21d3-9b81-41ee-822f-7529702c6979_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy has submitted to parliament a bill on the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and its amendments, the president's office announced on August 15. Ukraine signed the statute in January 2000, but has not ratified it, even though ratification is a condition of the country's 2014 Association Agreement with the European Union. Ratification will "increase the effectiveness of the International Criminal Court's work in relation to Ukraine, to prosecute the crimes of Russian citizens on the territory of Ukraine," deputy presidential administration head Iryna Mudra said. To read the original story by RFE/RL's Ukrainian Service, click here.
EU Criticizes Claims of Intelligence Cooperation Between Belgrade and Moscow
![Serbian Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandar Vulin (right) and Russian Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov meet in Moscow on August 15.](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-b2e7-08dcbd335930_cx12_cy5_cw82_w250_r1_s.jpg)
The European Union has told Serbia that maintaining ties with Russia during its war of aggression against Ukraine is not compatible with EU values and the accession process.
"The European Union has been crystal clear with our partners: Relations with Russia cannot be business as usual after Russia's unprovoked and unjustified aggression against Ukraine," an EU statement said on August 15 in response to an RFE/RL inquiry.
Brussels also said that the EU "wants to count on all candidate countries as reliable European partners for common principles, values, security, and prosperity."
The reaction followed meetings between Serbian Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandar Vulin and Kremlin officials in Moscow this week along with claims of intelligence cooperation with Russia.
Vulin has met several government officials during a four-day visit to Moscow, including First Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov on August 15.
"Relations between the two countries, despite numerous challenges, are at a high level," according to a statement from the Serbian government after the meeting.
Vulin and Manturov “reviewed the outcomes of the discussions between the Serbian Vice Prime Minister and Russian ministers…and agreed that, despite the good cooperation, there is room for further improvement," the statement said.
Vulin also met on August 15 with Russian Energy Minister Sergei Tsivilyov and expressed gratitude for natural gas deliveries that he said ensure Serbia's energy security.
Serbia is entirely dependent on Russian gas but has taken the first steps toward energy diversification.
Vulin met on August 14 with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow to discuss "further improving the Serbian-Russian strategic partnership," the Serbian government said in a statement.
He repeated that he is proud that Serbia is "not part of the anti-Russian hysteria" and has not joined the Western sanctions on Moscow imposed in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
At the start of his visit Vulin thanked Russian security structures "for the warning about preparations for mass unrest and attempts at a coup" in Serbia.
The government has described recent mass protests against lithium mining as a "coup attempt," and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic accused unnamed Western countries of being behind the protests.
Vucic said warnings from Russian services had arrived in Serbia before a mass protest on August 11 advising that the ultimate goal of the demonstration was the overthrow of the country's leadership.
The Serbian government and the Security Information Agency (BIA) have not responded to RFE/RL's request for information that was provided to Belgrade by Russian services.
There has also been no answer to the question of what evidence supports the claim that the lithium protests are an attempt to overthrow the government and that they are supported by Western countries.
Organizers have repeatedly denied that the protest aimed to overthrow the government.
"Government changes through elections; if anyone expected to come to power on our backs, they were mistaken. The aim of the protest is to gather people and show the world how many are against the lithium mining project," Nebojsa Petkovic of the organization We Will Not Give Up Jadar, told RFE/RL.
The organization was formed in the village of Gornje Nedeljice in western Serbia, where multinational giant Rio Tinto plans begin mining for lithium.
Opposition to the project has come from citizens who believe it could have negative environmental impacts.
Petkovic said We Will Not Give Up Jadar "is not funded by foreigners but by the people of Serbia who donate."
- By RFE/RL
Romanian Gymnast Barbosu Set To Be Awarded Bronze Medal Amid Controversy
![Ana Maria Barbosu competes in the women's floor exercise final at the Paris Olympics on August 5.](https://gdb.rferl.org/91023deb-f7c3-46cc-9b96-5dcef116eda1_cx0_cy6_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Romanian gymnast Ana Maria Barbosu will be awarded the bronze medal in the women's floor exercise on August 16 in a ceremony in Bucharest, but the controversy over who finished third in the competition at the Paris Olympics is far from settled.
The Romanian Olympics Sports Committee announced the ceremony in a press release on August 13, saying that Octavian Morariu, a member of the International Olympic Committee for Romania, and Mihai Covaliu, president of the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee, will present the medal to Barbosu.
The event will take place on the esplanade of the Olympic House on August 16 starting at 3:30 p.m. Bucharest time.
The controversy arose after the medal was awarded to U.S. gymnast Jordan Chiles after her coach appealed her score at the end of the competition on August 5.
Chiles's score was increased to 13.766 from 13.666 after U.S. coach Cecile Landi appealed a deduction that Chiles had received on one element, known as a tour jete full. The appeal, known as an inquiry in gymnastics, wiped away the deduction, moved Chiles into third, and knocked Barbosu off the podium.
Days later the Court of Arbitration (CAS) ruled that the inquiry was made past the 1-minute limit allowed under the rules of the International Gymnastics Federation, thus reinstating Chiles's original 13.666 score. The ruling bumped Barbosu back into the bronze position.
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) confirmed on August 11 that Chiles must return the medal, but it is still unknown if Chiles has done so or if Barbosu will be receiving a new one.
Chiles called the CAS panel's decision that she must return the medal “unjust” and a “significant blow” in a message posted on social media on August 15.
“I am now confronted with one of the most challenging moments of my career,” Chiles posted. “Believe me when I say I have had many. I will approach the challenge as I have others -- and will make every effort to ensure that justice is done. I believe that at the end of this journey, the people in control will do the right thing.”
She also said that "unprompted racially driven attacks on social media" had added to the heartbreak, calling them "wrong and extremely hurtful."
While the IOC said it would respect the CAS ruling, USA Gymnastics said in a statement on August 12 that it would "continue to pursue every possible avenue and appeal process, including to the Swiss Federal Tribunal, to ensure the just scoring, placement, and medal award for Jordan."
USA Gymnastics said in a statement quoted by the Washington Post on August 14 that it had time-stamped video proving Landi initiated the inquiry 47 seconds after Chiles's score was posted. USA Gymnastics said the footage was not available to the organization at the time of the hearing, and said that it was given less than 24 hours' notice of the hearing.
USA Gymnastics said it was notified by the CAS on August 12 that its rules do not allow for the award to be reconsidered "even when conclusive new evidence is presented," adding that it was "deeply disappointed by the notification."
Since the CAS ruling, reports have surfaced that the chair of the panel appointed by the court to rule on the decision about the bronze medal originally awarded to Chiles included an official with ties to Romania. The reports cited documents that show Hamid Gharavi, a lawyer, previously represented Romania in international disputes.
- By Current Time
Russian Tu-22M3 Bomber Crashes In Siberia
![A Russian Tu-22M3 military aircraft flies over Red Square during a military parade. (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/93afda0b-02e8-4168-98eb-0cec36f64bf9_cx0_cy10_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A Russian Tu-22M3 bomber has crashed in the Irkutsk region of Siberia, Russian state media reported on August 15, citing the Defense Ministry. The aircraft reportedly crashed during a scheduled flight, and according to a preliminary investigation the crash was caused by a technical malfunction. There are no reports of casualties. The bomber crashed in an uninhabited area and the crew managed to eject, Russian media reported. To read the original story by Current Time, click here.
- By RFE/RL
Navalny's Widow Scorns Official Document Describing Opposition Leader's Cause Of Death
![Yulia Navalnaya, who lives in exile, said everyone wants to know what really happened: how Navalny died, who was with him at the time, what medical aid was provided, and other questions such as whether there were attempts to save him and why it took so long to release his body. (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/5d0af076-c6dc-4e8f-9b04-2d7b0001481c_cx0_cy4_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Yulia Navalnaya, the widow of Russian opposition leader Aleksei Navalny, said on August 15 that a three-page document provided by Russian authorities offered no convincing explanation for his death in prison six months ago.
Navalnaya said in a video posted on YouTube that she had received "the first and only" official document on the cause and circumstances of Navalny's death: a three-page document stating it had not been the result of a crime and there were consequently no grounds for a criminal investigation.
Navalnaya, who lives in exile, said everyone wants to know what really happened: how Navalny died, who was with him at the time, what medical aid was provided, and other questions such as whether there were attempts to save him and why it took so long to release his body.
“There are still a thousand questions hanging in the air,” she said.
Navalny died on February 16 in an Arctic prison where he was serving a lengthy sentence on what he and his supporters said were politically motivated charges.
Navalnaya said lawyers for Navalny have been seeking autopsy results, medical documents, and video footage from his cell and the courtyard and medical office of the prison "and after six months, this is all we've been given -- a half-page of explanation."
The document attributes his death to a "combined illness," including a gall-bladder infection, a slipped disc, and staphylococcus infection, with cardiac arrhythmia ultimately causing death.
"When I first saw these pathetic three pages, I couldn't believe my eyes," Navalnaya said. "It's another pathetic attempt to cover up what really happened: a murder."
Navalnaya noted that every third Russian had illnesses of the kind described in the document but did not die from them. In addition, Navalny underwent a comprehensive medical examination when he entered the prison that had turned up no evidence of such ailments.
She also recalled how the day before his death he was seen in a video attending a court hearing and "feeling fine, smiling, even joking with the judge," she said.
The document, which has been posted in full on Navalny's website, was signed by investigative official Aleksandr Varapayev. Varapayev was the official in the Russian Investigative Committee who refused to hand over Navalny's body to his mother unless she agreed to hold his funeral in private. According to Russian media reports, Varapayev was promoted after the events.
Leonid Volkov, an opposition activist who was close to Navalny, also criticized the official document. The investigators took six months to formulate their version of events, and it revealed nothing, he wrote on Telegram.
Navalnaya remains under an arrest warrant in Russia that was upheld on August 7 by a Moscow City Court. She is charged with taking part in an extremist group's activities and was added to Russia's wanted list in July.
The arrest warrant was issued less than two weeks after Navalnaya was elected to head the Human Rights Foundation, a New York-based nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting and protecting human rights around the world.
Kosovar President Says Mitrovica Bridge Should Open In Coordination With Pristina's Western Partners
![Kosovar President Vjosa Osmani (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-2d54-08dc740c25c5_cx0_cy6_cw0_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Kosovar President Vjosa Osmani said on August 15 the country must ensure that the main bridge in Mitrovica, which divides the northern city into an Albanian-majority southern side and a Serb-majority northern side, is opened in a way that does not provoke conflict with Kosovo's international partners.
The country’s prime minister, Albin Kurti, announced at the beginning of August plans to open the bridge to vehicle traffic, a move that was opposed by members of both NATO and Quint, an informal decision-making group consisting of the United States, France, Germany, Italy, and Britain.
The announcement sparked protests by Serbs in northern Kosovo, who expressed concerns that the move would increase ethnic tensions and impact their safety.
Kosovo and Serbia reached an agreement about the bridge in Brussels in 2014 and the European Union funded its revitalization worth 1.5 million euros. The bridge was supposed to open in 2017, but it is currently open only for pedestrians.
The U.S. ambassador to Pristina, Jeffrey Hovenier, has said that, while the United States believes the bridge should ultimately be open to vehicles, "this is not the time," due to security concerns.
"We believe there's a real risk associated with taking this action right now," he said in an interview with RFE/RL's Kosovo Service on August 13, citing potential violence and threats to NATO soldiers, including Americans.
The European Union has repeated its stance that the issue of opening of the bridge in Mitrovica should be resolved within the framework of official dialogue.
Osmani said that the bridge in Mitrovica "must absolutely be opened."
“But we must ensure that when it is opened, it remains open permanently, [and] that its opening doesn’t lead to a much greater NATO presence there,” she told reporters on August 15 during a visit to the southern town of Viti.
NATO forces have been operating in Kosovo to maintain peace and stability since 1999, when the Western military alliance intervened to stop escalating violence being perpetrated by Serbian forces against ethnic Albanians in what was then a province of Serbia.
Kosovo went on to declare independence in 2008, but neither Serbia, nor its traditional ally Russia have recognized its sovereignty.
Soldiers from NATO's mission to Kosovo, KFOR, are currently stationed on the bridge in Mitrovica, while members of the Kosovo Police patrol nearby.
“Is it in Kosovo's interest to see conflict between Kosovo police and an American soldier? I don't believe there is any Albanian who would agree with that. We have no reason for a conflict with our allies. They have saved us," Osmani added.
KFOR has said it could "adjust" its presence "as needed and will not hesitate to act in response to any significant security developments and in accordance with our UN mandate."
Kurti has defended the plans to open the bridge, saying his government will continue consultations with international partners.
Osmani, however, dismissed the EU position that the issue of opening of the bridge in Mitrovica should be resolved within the official dialogue with Serbia.
“I oppose in every way the discussion of the bridge opening in Brussels. We have no reason to ask Serbia," she said.
Osmani was elected president in 2021 with the support of Kurti's party, Vetevendosje (Self-Determination), but the two have recently disagreed on issues like the level of coordination with Kosovo's international allies.
Kosovo's plan to open the bridge in Mitrovica comes amid rising tensions in the Serb-majority north of the country.
Earlier in August, the Kosovar authorities closed down nine branches of the Serbian post office in the north after determining that they were operating illegally and without a license, a move that was criticized by the United States and the European Union, which have mediated Serbia-Kosovo relations for over a decade.
There are an estimated 120,000 ethnic Serbs living in Kosovo, mostly in the north, and many still receive benefits or pensions from Serbia.
Bulgarian President Signs Law Banning LGBT 'Promotion' In Schools
![A protester in Sofia against amendments banning LGBT "propaganda" in schools holds up a sign saying, "My life is a fact, not propaganda."](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-2fdd-08dcb7a4d305_w250_r1_s.jpg)
Bulgarian President Rumen Radev has signed into law a recently adopted amendment banning LGBT "promotion" in schools despite calls to veto it from Bulgarian intellectuals as rights groups staged a protest against the measure on August 15.
The law, which bans "propaganda, promotion, or incitement" in the education system of "ideas and views related to nontraditional sexual orientation and/or gender identity other than the biological one," will be published in the August 16 issue of Bulgaria’s State Gazette.
Hundreds of Bulgarian academics urged President Rumen Radev in an open letter to veto the amendment.
The changes aim to tackle "a problem that does not exist" in Bulgaria's school system, the letter says, and would instead "normalize political attacks" on the LGBT community.
The Council of Europe commissioner for human rights, Michael O'Flaherty, had also called on Radev not to sign the law, adding that he was "deeply concerned" by the ban.
Radev did not comment on the calls, but his press service said he "has expressed his attitude to the changes" by signing them into law.
Hundreds of people demanded Radev's resignation at a protest in Sofia on August 15, chanting "Fascism kills, power covers up" and "Shame on you."
The protesters initially demanded the president veto the "disgraceful" bill, but after it became clear that Radev signed it into law, the protesters demanded his resignation and its repeal.
"We are here because we will not tolerate falling into the black hole of fascism," said one of the protesters, addressing the crowd in front of the presidency.
A counterprotest of the pro-Russian party Vazrazhdane took place simultaneously at a different venue in the capital.
The separate protests took place under an increased police presence.
The amendment was proposed by the pro-Russian far-right Revival party and passed with 159 votes in favor, 20 against, and 10 abstentions.
Lawmakers also voted on another amendment to the education law, which defines "nontraditional sexual orientation" as "different from the generally accepted and established notions...[of] attraction between persons of opposite sexes."
The text also passed but with a smaller majority.
Supporters of the amendments have said they reflect the spirit of Bulgaria's constitution, which stipulates marriage is only between a man and a woman and is based on Orthodox Christian values.
The Bulgarian Orthodox Church welcomed the amendments in a statement published on August 8.
But many rights groups have criticized the move, calling it "an attack" on children's rights.
"The proponents of the law, the Revival party, and all those who voted in favor of the law claim that this is to protect young people," LGBT advocacy group ILGA-Europe said in a statement.
"However, the truth is that this is an attack on the rights of children, particularly LGBTI children," the statement said.
Domestic and international LGBT groups have said the wording of the Bulgarian legal changes has similarities to "LGBT propaganda" laws in Russia and Hungary, which have been criticized by rights groups for violating freedom of expression and promoting discrimination and abuse against LGBT people.
Researchers and human rights organizations routinely place Bulgaria among the worst countries in Europe for its record on LGBT rights.
Dual U.S.-Russian Citizen Sentenced To 12 Years For Treason In Yekaterinburg
![Ksenia Karelina appears in court Yekaterinburg in June.](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0a00-0242-a451-08dc910746b3_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A Russian court in Yekaterinburg has sentenced dual U.S.-Russian citizen Ksenia Karelina to 12 years in prison after convicting her of treason for transferring $51 to a Ukrainian aid charity in early 2022.
The verdict was rendered on August 15 by Sverdlovsk regional court Judge Andrei Mineyev after prosecutors had sought a 15-year prison term for Karelina, who is also known by her marital surname Khavana.
Karelina’s lawyer, Mikhail Mushailov, said his client admitted making the donation, but planned to appeal the verdict.
The verdict came one day after a Moscow court gave a U.S. citizen identified as Joseph Tater a 15-day jail term for "petty hooliganism."
Karelina, 33, moved to the United States in 2015, married a U.S. citizen, and received U.S. citizenship in 2021.
The U.S. State Department is aware of Karelina’s verdict, spokesman Vedant Patel said, adding that Russia "has a track record of…not recognizing their (dual nationals') American citizen status and frankly being uncooperative when it comes to…meeting their obligations under consular conventions."
She was arrested in Yekaterinburg in January on suspicion of petty hooliganism.
On February 7, however, treason charges were filed against her after investigators learned that on the second day of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, she had transferred $51 to Razom, a Ukrainian aid group that helps civilians affected by the war.
Patel reiterated that donating to a nonprofit, NGO, or supporting the Ukrainian cause and its people, especially on American soil, is not a crime. Patel also strongly condemn the Kremlin's "escalating domestic repression."
Lawyer Mushailov said prosecutors found evidence of the donation on her mobile phone.
In February, Razom co-founder Dora Chomiak appealed to the U.S. government to "continue doing everything possible to demand that [Russian President Vladimir] Putin free all those unjustly detained in Russia."
Mineyev was the same judge who in July sentenced U.S. journalist Evan Gershkovich to 16 years in prison on espionage charges.
The Wall Street Journal correspondent was then included in a large prisoner exchange on August 1 that also included RFE/RL journalist Alsu Kurmasheva, former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan, and several imprisoned Russian dissidents.
According to rights groups, nearly 900 Russians have been convicted of treason, espionage, or cooperation with foreign governments since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Russian Convicted Of Failing To Report Anti-War Arson Plot
![A military recruiting poster in Russia (file photo)](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-0aff-0242-bd27-08db9d118261_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A court in the Far Eastern Russian city of Magadan has sentenced an unidentified local man to six months in prison after convicting him of failing to report another local's intention to carry out an arson attack on a military recruitment office. The court found the man had been told in September 2023 by a friend that she intended to commit the attack, acting on the instructions of "unidentified people acting in Ukraine's interests." It is the first known case in Russia of a person being given a prison sentence on such a charge. The arson attack was carried out on September 21, 2023, and the two convicted perpetrators were sentenced to 12 1/2 and 13 years in prison. To read the original story by RFE/RL’s Russian Service, click here.
At Least 1.4 Million Afghan Girls Banned From Attending School Since Taliban Takeover, UNESCO Says
![Taliban security personnel patrol a street as a burqa-clad Afghan woman walks by in Badakhshan Province (file photo).](https://gdb.rferl.org/01000000-c0a8-0242-31ae-08dcbc65bd45_w250_r1_s.jpg)
At least 1.4 million girls in Afghanistan have been denied access to secondary education since the Taliban returned to power in 2021, UNESCO, the United Nations' cultural agency, said on August 15.
"In just three years, the de facto authorities have almost wiped out two decades of steady progress for education in Afghanistan, and the future of an entire generation is now in jeopardy," the agency said in a statement.
It comes as the Taliban marked three years since its forces seized Afghanistan's capital, Kabul, on August 15, 2021, after the U.S.-backed government collapsed and its leaders fled into exile.
Since the Taliban's return to power, women have been squeezed from public life -- banned from many jobs as well as parks and gyms -- and barred from secondary and higher education.
The restrictions amount to what the United Nations has described as "gender apartheid."
There are now nearly 2.5 million girls deprived of their right to education, representing 80 percent of Afghan school-age girls, UNESCO said. This represents an increase of 300,000 since the previous count carried out by the UN agency in April 2023.
"As a result of bans imposed by the de facto authorities, at least 1.4 million girls have been deliberately denied access to secondary education since 2021," UNESCO said.
Access to primary education has also fallen sharply, with 1.1 million fewer girls and boys attending school, the agency added. It blamed the drop on the authorities' decision to ban female teachers from teaching boys as well as the lack of incentive for parents to send children to school.
The agency is "alarmed by the harmful consequences of this increasingly massive drop-out rate, which could lead to a rise in child labor and early marriage."
Enrolment in higher education is equally concerning, the statement said, adding that the number of university students had decreased by 53 percent since 2021.
UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay urged the international community to remain mobilized "to obtain the unconditional reopening of schools and universities to Afghan girls and women."
Lack of access to education has been among the main points of criticism by Afghans toward the Taliban authorities.
"There are those who are not literate enough, and more importantly, a part of society, women, are deprived of education, and this is a big problem for the people of Afghanistan," a male resident of the northern Balkh Province who preferred not to be named due to security concerns, told RFE/RL's Radio Azadi.
"The issues of education -- women's education and work -- and their participation at national and international level have been completely nullified and pushed to the sidelines," a female resident of Kabul, who also preferred not to be named, said.
The Taliban celebrates their return to power both in mid-August around the date Kabul fell and at the end of the month, when the last U.S.-led international troops left Afghanistan.
The withdrawal, agreed by the United States and the Taliban on February 29, 2020, allowed the radical Islamist movement's return to power 20 years after being ousted by U.S. forces following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States.
The Taliban government remains unrecognized by any other state.
WATCH: Rights groups have documented targeted killings, disappearances, and extrajudicial arrests of hundreds of former Afghan service personnel, while RFE/RL has spoken to two women who say they live in fear due to their past roles in the military.
International aid organizations have warned that millions of Afghans struggle in "one of the world's largest and most complex humanitarian crises, three years after the change in power."
"Heavily dependent on humanitarian aid, Afghans are trapped in cycles of poverty, displacement, and despair," a statement by 10 aid groups -- including Save the Children, World Vision, Islamic Relief Worldwide, and the International Rescue Committee -- said on August 13.
Women and girls are among the most seriously affected by this humanitarian crisis, Human Rights Watch has said. The Taliban has created "the world's most serious women's rights crisis," the organization said on August 11.
With reporting by AFP
Former RFE/RL Turkmen Correspondent Dies After Long Persecution
![Hudaiberdy Allashov is survived by his wife and two minor children.](https://gdb.rferl.org/5F2060F5-DD66-4958-8114-5CAF2B43CE8B_w250_r1_s.jpg)
A former RFE/RL correspondent in Turkmenistan has died at his home in the northern Turkmen city of Koneurgench following a long illness that supporters say was brought on by pressure from the authorities over his journalistic activity.
Hudaiberdy Allashov died on August 13 at the age of 35 and was buried the following day, RFE/RL's Turkmen Service, known as Azatlyk in Turkmen, reported.
Using the pseudonym Mekan Tashliyev, Allashov worked with RFE/RL for three months in 2016. Among other topics, he reported on the government's use of forced labor to harvest cotton in the Dashoguz area, food shortages, and wage arrears among state officials.
In December 2016, he and his mother were arrested and accused of possession of chewing tobacco, which is illegal in the authoritarian former Soviet republic. RFE/RL reported that authorities in Dashoguz had learned Allashov's identity the day of his arrest.
Sources told RFE/RL that he was tortured by police in Koneurgench, including with electric shocks. Police also questioned his wife and two young children.
In February 2017, Allashov and his mother were given three-year suspended prison sentences, following calls by diplomats and rights groups for their release. Fearing for his safety, Allashov stopped working with RFE/RL.
Allashov was arrested again in October 2019 and was beaten during several hours of interrogation. His mother, Kurbantach Arazmedova, fell ill under the stress of her son's arrest and died in a hospital of a heart attack.
During police interrogation in November 2019, Allashov said, he was told that the authorities would not leave him alone "until they drove him to his grave."
Allashov was arrested again in December 2023 and told by police that this time he would be imprisoned "for a long time." But following action by rights groups and diplomats, he was given a 15-day jail sentence.
Allashov is survived by his wife and two minor children.
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