Russia's State Duma has passed legislation that imposes harsh fines and jail terms for the distribution of homosexual "propaganda" to minors. The legislation, adopted on June 11, has been criticized by rights defenders as a way to oppress homosexuals amid rising homophobia in Russia. It bans the distribution to minors by Russians, foreign citizens, and media organizations of "propaganda of nontraditional sexual relations." Earlier on June 11, as the legislation awaited its final reading, police were deployed to break up clashes in front of the State Duma between gay-rights advocates and Christian activists.