Kadeer's youngest son, Alimu Ahbudurimu, have been sentenced to seven years for tax evasion, while another son, Kahaer Ahbudurimu, has been found guilty of the same charges, but was spared a jail term.
A third son, Ablikim Abdureyim, is facing subversion charges.
Kadeer linked the persecution of her sons to her election as president of the Germany-based World Uyghur Congress on November 26.
Amnesty International denounced a "pattern of threats and harassment" against the families of human rights activists in China.
Kadeer is a leading figure in the movement to defend the rights of the Uyghur people, a Turkic-speaking Muslim minority in northwestern China that is believed to number about 8 million.
She was jailed for five years for having given state secrets to foreigners before being sent into exile in the United States in 2005.
(Reuters, AP, AFP)