A UN commission of inquiry says war crimes in Syria are "rampant," and government forces and the Islamic State extremist group continue to commit crimes against humanity.
"Flagrant violations of human rights and international humanitarian law continue unabated, aggravated by blatant impunity," the commission said on February 22 in its latest report.
It said civilians remain the "primary victims," often targeted for deliberate attacks by all sides.
The report also took aim at world powers backing Syria's peace process for seeking a settlement while feeding a recent escalation on the ground.
The commission urged the UN Security Council to refer the five-year-old conflict to the International Criminal Court (ICC) or an ad hoc war crimes tribunal to ensure justice.
Russia and China blocked a previous attempt to refer the conflict to the ICC.