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Iran has been roiled by protests since the death of a young woman in police custody last month.
Iran has been roiled by protests since the death of a young woman in police custody last month.

Iranian factory workers and shopkeepers went on strike on October 22 as nationwide protests sparked by the death in custody of Mahsa Amini, arrested for "improperly" wearing a head scarf entered a sixth week, activists said.

The death of 22-year-old Amini has fueled the biggest protests seen in the Islamic republic in years.

Young women have led the charge, removing their head scarves, chanting anti-government slogans, and confronting the security forces on the streets, despite a crackdown that rights groups say has killed at least 215 people, including 27 children.

Activists issued a call for fresh demonstrations as the Iranian working week got under way on October 22, but it was difficult to immediately assess the turnout due to curbs on Internet access.

"On Saturday... We will be together for freedom," activist Atena Daemi said in a Twitter post that bore an image of a bare-headed woman with her fist raised in the air.

The 1500tasvir social media channel said that there were "strikes in a couple of cities including Sanandaj, Bukan, and Saghez" but added that it was difficult to see evidence of them online as "the internet connection is too slow."

Saghez, in the western province of Kurdistan, is Amini's home town, where angry protests broke out at her burial last month, sparking the nationwide demonstrations.

The Norway-based Hengaw rights group also said that shopkeepers were on strike in Bukan, Sanandaj, Saghez, and Marivan.

At Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, dozens of students were seen in a video tweeted by 1500tasvir clapping and chanting during a protest on October 22.

Dozens of workers were seen gathering outside the Aidin chocolate factory in Tabriz, the capital of East Azerbaijan province, in other footage it shared.

The videos have not been independently verified.

People were also gathering abroad for rallies in solidarity with the Iranian protest movement.

Tens of thousands of people have taken to the streets of Berlin to show support. Iranian activist Hamed Esmaeilion -- whose wife and daughter were killed when a Ukrainian passenger plane was shot down near Tehran in 2020 --is expected to be the main speaker in the German capital.

An online petition promoted by Esmaeilion asking the Group of Seven leading industrialized nations to expel the Islamic republic's diplomats has so far garnered nearly 657,000 signatures.

In Tokyo, demonstrators held up portraits of Amini and others who have been killed in the crackdown, as well as a banner bearing the protest slogan, "Women, life, freedom."

A teachers' union in Iran has called for a nationwide strike on October 23 and 24.

The Coordinating Council of Teachers Syndicates said the "sit-in" would be in response to "systematic oppression" by the security forces at schools.

The council identified in a statement four teenagers who had been killed in the crackdown -- Nika Shahkarami, Sarina Esmailzadeh, Abolfazl Adinezadeh, and Asra Panahi -- and said a large number of teachers had been arrested without charge.

"Iran's teachers do not tolerate these atrocities and tyranny and proclaims that we are for the people, and these bullets and pellets you shoot at the people target our lives and souls," it said.

Meanwhile Reza Pahlavi, the exiled former crown prince of Iran, stressed in a speech on October 20 to the protesters that there is a need to form a "pluralist provisional government" for the transition from Iran's Islamic republic.

Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian accused the United States of supporting the protests in an effort to win concessions in talks aimed at restarting the nuclear 2015 agreement.

"The Americans continue to exchange messages with us, but they are trying to fan the flames of what has been going on inside Iran in recent days," Amir-Abdollahian said during a visit to Armenia.

U.S. officials have dismissed Tehran’s accusations that the weeks-long mass protests in Iran have been orchestrated by the United States or Israel

With reporting by AFP and dpa
Luka Dragicevic, the former commander of the infantry brigade the men belonged to, was acquitted.
Luka Dragicevic, the former commander of the infantry brigade the men belonged to, was acquitted.

A court in Bosnia-Herzegovina has convicted seven former soldiers and acquitted their commander for war crimes in the kidnapping and execution of 20 civilians during the war in Bosnia nearly 30 years ago.

The 20 civilians -- mostly Muslim men -- were tortured and killed by Serb paramilitaries after being removed from a train during the 1990s war.

The Court of Bosnia-Herzegovina on October 21 found the seven former members of a Republika Srpska army infantry brigade guilty and sentenced each to 13 years in prison for committing a war crime.

The incident started at the Strpci train station near the border with Bosnia on February 27, 1993. Armed Serbs stopped a train there and took off 20 passengers, mostly Muslims, and brought the men to Visegrad in eastern Bosnia, where they tortured and killed all of them, dumping their bodies in the Drina River.

All the victims were from the Muslim-dominated Sandzak area in western Serbia, which borders Bosnia.

The remains of only four victims have been found to date. A search for the remains of the others continues.

The seven former soldiers -- Obrad Poluga, Novak Poluga, Radojica Ristic, Petko Indic, Miodrag Mitasinovic, Dragan Sekovic, and Oliver Krsmanovic -- were found guilty of complicity in the crime.

Luka Dragicevic, the former commander of the infantry brigade the men belonged to, was acquitted.

Judge Vesna Jesenkovic said that the Bosnian Prosecutor-General’s Office did not prove that Dragicevic issued an order to torture and kill civilians.

"The prosecution proved that Dragicevic received reports or orders but did not prove how he later acted on those orders. No witness said that he informed Dragicevic about the event -- that is, about the killings of civilians," said the judge.

Bakira Hasecic, president of Women Victims of War, told RFE/RL that she was shocked when she heard that Dragicevic had been acquitted.

“Everything that happened happened under his command,” Hasecic told RFE/RL.

She also said that 13 years in prison for “such brutal murders of Serbian citizens” was “no punishment at all."

Miodrag Stojanovic, the lawyer who represented Dragicevic, said that justice had been served in his case but expressed “mixed feelings” about the 13-year sentences handed to the former soldiers, calling them “inappropriate” because it had not been confirmed that any of them did the shooting, though they did participate at some point in the transfer of the men.

Bosnia's 1992-95 war between its Croats, Muslims, and Serbs claimed around 100,000 lives.

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"Watchdog" is a blog with a singular mission -- to monitor the latest developments concerning human rights, civil society, and press freedom. We'll pay particular attention to reports concerning countries in RFE/RL's broadcast region.

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